大学英语2笔记

福师《大学英语（2）》第一课 Nature 课堂笔记Air Pollution 空气污染Air supplies us with oxygen which is essential for our b

http://www.open.com.cn 奥鹏远程教育中心助学服务部 福师《大学英语（2）》第一课 Nature 课堂笔记 Air Pollution 空气污染 Air supplies us with oxygen which is essential for our bodies to live.①Air is 99.9% nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and inert gases.②Human activities can release substances into the air, some of which can cause problems for humans, plants, and animals.③ 99.9 %﹑﹑ 空气为我们提供生存所必不可少的氧气。空气中由氮气氧气水蒸气和惰性气体组成。人类活 ﹑ 动释放出的物质进入空气，其中的一些会对人类植物和动物造成影响。 There are several main types of pollution and well-known effects of pollution which are commonly discussed. These include smog, acid rain, the greenhouse effect, and "holes" in the ozone layer.④Each of these problems has serious effects on our health and well-being as well as on the whole environment. ,﹑﹑“” 污染有几大类型，所造成的影响广为人知，也经常引发讨论包括烟尘酸雨温室效应和臭氧层空洞。 这些问题已严重影响到我们的健康和幸福，也影响到整个环境。 One type of air pollution is the release of particles into the air from burning fuel for energy. Diesel smoke is agood example of this particular matter. This type of pollution is sometimes referred to as "black carbon" pollution.⑤The exhaust from burning fuels in automobiles, homes, and industries is amajor source of pollution in the air.⑥Some authorities believe that even the burning of wood and charcoal in fireplaces and barbeques can release significant quantities of soot into the air. 一类空气污染是在燃烧燃料获取能源时将粒子排放到空气中。柴油烟雾就是一个显著的例子。这种类型的 “”﹑ 污染有时被称为炭黑污染。汽车住家及工业燃烧燃料所排出的废气是空气中一个主要的污染来源。一些 部门认为，即便是在壁炉中或是在烧烤时燃烧木材和木炭就能释放出大量的煤烟到空气中。 Another type of pollution is the release of harmful gases, such as sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and chemical vapors. These can take part in further chemical reactions once they are in the atmosphere, forming smog and acid rain.⑦ 另一类污染是有毒气体的排放，如二氧化硫、一氧化碳、氮氧化物及化学蒸气。一旦它们进入大气，就会 产生更为剧烈的化学反应，形成烟雾和酸雨。 Smog is atype of large-scale outdoor pollution. It is caused by chemical reactions between pollutants derived from different sources, primarily automobile exhaust and industrial emissions. Cities are often centers of these types of activities, and many suffer from the effects of smog, especially during the warm months of the year. 烟雾是一种大规模的户外污染。它是由来源不同的污染物之间的化学反应所导致的，这些污染物主要是汽 车尾气和工业废气。城市往往是这类活动的中心。许多人深受烟雾之害，尤其是在一年中温暖的几个月中。 Another consequence of outdoor air pollution is acid rain. When apollutant, such as sulfuric acid combines with drops of water in the air, the water or snow can become acidified. The effects of acid rain on the environment can be very serious .It damages plants by destroying their leaves, it poisons the soil, and it changes the chemistry of lakes and streams. Damage due to acid rain kills trees and harms animals, fish, and other wildlife. 室外空气污染的另一个后果是酸雨。当污染物，如硫酸，与空气中的水滴结合，雨或雪就会变成酸性。 酸雨对环境的影响相当严重。它通过摧毁其枝叶损害植物，毒化土壤，还改变湖泊和溪流的化学成分。酸雨造 ﹑ 成的损害破坏树木，危害动物鱼类和其他野生动物。 Page 1of 48 心系天下求学人专业专注周到细致