B接引语Directspeech和间接引语Indirectspeech语法讲解

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Direct speechIndirect speech Book 1Grammar: 直接引语和间接引语语法讲解 Direct speech: speaker’s actual words The teacher said to Tom, “I will tell you asecret tomorrow.” Indirect speech: reported speech /reporting of what somebody has said The teacher said to Tom that she would tell him/her asecret the next day. 一、人称 一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新 “” 人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜。 从句 “” 一随主是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。 中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变 化，如： My She said. “brother wants to go with me.” her →She said brother wanted to go with her. “”“” 二随宾是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人你所修饰， 从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称 。如果引号外的，如： Kateyour sister He said to "How is now?" ， her siste →He asked Kate how rwas then. 主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称 “” 第三人称不更新是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的 所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化 ，如： Jack Mr. Smith said“is agood worker.” ， Jack →Mr. Smith said was agood worker. 二、时态 时态需要做相应的调整 直接引语在改为间接引语时，。其基本法则和我们刚刚学过的宾语从句的时态 从句时态要和主句时态一致过去时 变化一致，也就是说。如果从句是，主句要向后退一格时态，变成一种 过去时。 havehad 1. She said. “I lost apen.” →She said she lost apen. → 现在完成过去完成 （） hopehoped 2. She said. “We so.” →She said they so. → 一般现在一般过去 () will 3. She said,“He go to see his friend” 。 would → 一般将来过去将来 →She said he go to see his friend. () 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 客观真理 ① 直接引语是。如： earth moves around the sunthe moon moves around the earth “The and ”, the teacher told me. the earth moves around the sunthe moon moves around the →The teacher told me and earth 。 过去进行时，时态不变 ② 直接引语是。如： where were you going Jack said, “John, when Imet you in the street?” where he was going →Jack asked John when he met him in the street. 过去某年、某月、某日作状语，时态不变 ③ 直接引语中有具体的变为间接引语时，。如： was born Xiao Wang said“I on April 20, 1980.” ， was born →Xiao Wang said heon April 20, 1980. 一般现在时反复出现或习惯性的动作时态不变 ④ 直接引语如果是。表示一种，变间接引语，。如： He said, “I get up at six every morning.” →He said he gets up at six every morning. ought tohad betterused to 情态动词没有过去时的形式例：，，已经是 ⑤) 如果直接引语中的（和