电气专业英语论文

Page1 Electrical Energy Transmission（电能输送） From reference 1 Growing populations and industrializing

Page1ElectricalEnergyTransmission （电能输送） Fromreference1 Growingpopulationsandindustrializingcountriescreatehugeneedsfor electricalenergy.Unfortunately,electricityisnotalwaysusedinthesameplacethatit isproduced,meaninglong-distancetransmissionlinesanddistributionsystemsare necessary.Buttransmittingelectricityoverdistanceandvianetworksinvolvesenergy loss. So,withgrowingdemandcomestheneedtominimizethislosstoachievetwo maingoals:reduceresourceconsumptionwhiledeliveringmorepowertousers. Reducingconsumptioncanbedoneinatleasttwoways:deliverelectricalenergy moreefficientlyandchangeconsumerhabits. Transmissionanddistributionofelectricalenergyrequirecablesandpower transformers,whichcreatethreetypesofenergyloss: theJouleeffect,whereenergyislostasheatintheconductor(acopperwire,for example); magneticlosses,whereenergydissipatesintoamagneticfield; thedielectriceffect,whereenergyisabsorbedintheinsulatingmaterial. TheJouleeffectintransmissioncablesaccountsforlossesofabout2.5%while thelossesintransformersrangebetween1%and2%(dependingonthetypeand ratingsofthetransformer).So,savingjust1%ontheelectricalenergyproducedbya powerplantof1000megawattsmeanstransmitting10MWmoretoconsumers, whichisfarfromnegligible:withthesameenergywecansupply1000-2000more homes. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 Changingconsumerhabitsinvolvesawareness-raisingprogrammers,often undertakenbygovernmentsoractivistgroups.Simplethings,suchasturningoff lightsinunoccupiedrooms,orswitchingoffthetelevisionatnight(notjustputtingit intostandbymode),orsettingtaskssuchaslaundryfornon-peakhoursarebutafew examplesamongthemyriadofpossibilities. Ontheenergyproductionside,buildingmoreefficienttransmissionand