美国文学史复习要点整理【手动】

美国文学史整理一、Colonial America 殖民时期New England：Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island

美国文学史整理 殖民时期 Colonial America 一、 1、 New England ： Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. 2、 Doctrines of Puritanism 清教 American Puritanism stressed predestination), original sin, total （命运神定（原罪） depravity (), and limited atonement ()from God’s grace. 彻底的堕落有限的赎罪 3、 Writing style ： fresh, simple and direct and with atouch of nobility the rhetoric is ； plain and honest. 4、 Life style ： hard work, thrift, piety, and sobriety. 5、 Main writer:Thomas Paine ① · 托马斯潘恩 work ： Common Sense (1776) 《常识》 American Crisis (1776-1783) 《美国危机》 The Rights of Man 《人权》 The Age of Reason 《理性时代》 Benjamin Franklin ② · （本杰明富兰克林） Poor Richard’s Almanac 《穷查理历书》 Autobiography 《富兰克林自传》 <clarity, good sense, and simplicity of the English essayists Joseph Addison and Richard Steele> ③Thomas Jefferson · 托马斯杰弗逊 Declaration of Independence (1776) 《独立宣言》 <simple and clear, powerful and graceful> 浪漫主义前期 American Romanticism (early period) 二、 1Characteristics 、： Arebellion against the objectivity of rationalism. ① 反对理性主义的客观性。 Feelings, intuitions and emotions were more important for romantics than reason and ② common sense. 感受、直觉和情感重于理性和常识。 An emphasis on individualism; placing the individual against the group, against authority. ③ ,, 强调个人主义将个人与团体反对权威。 Stress on the close relationship between man and nature. ④ 强调人与自然之间的密切关系。 Fascination with the wild, the irregular, the indefinite, the remote, the mysterious, and ⑤ the strange ,,,,, 疯狂的迷恋不规则不定远程神秘奇怪 Cherishing astrong interest in the past, especially the medieval. ⑥ , 对过去有强烈的兴趣特别是中世纪。 2Features 、： New experience in the American Romanticism. Adeep influence from the American Puritanism.