英语的树式结构

Differences between English and ChineseGeneral introductionDifferent language families:English belon

DifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese I. Generalintroduction 1. Differentlanguagefamilies: EnglishbelongstoIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilyorIndo-Germanicsystem(including Europe,WesternAsiaandIndia).ChinesebelongstoSino-Tibetanlanguagefamily (includingChinese,TibetanandBurmese).Englishisanalphabeticcharacter( 拼音文 ),whileChineseisanideographiccharacter(). 字表意文字 2. Differentnatureoflanguage: Chineseisananalyticlanguage,whileEnglishisacomprehensive 分析性语言 language.So-calledanalyticlanguagemeansthattherelationshipofwords 综合性语言 isexpressednotbytheformofworditself-----butbyprepositionsandwordorderandso on.So-calledcomprehensivelanguagereferstothatthemeaningofthelanguageis expressedbythechangeoftheformoftheworditselfsuchascase,number,tense 格 andsoon. 3. Differenceofsentencestructure: Englishsentencesarewell-knit,closeandcompact.Chinese 英文句子结构紧凑严密 sentencesareconciseandexplicit.InEnglishnouns,especially 中文句子结构简练明快 theabstractnounsandprepositionsarewidelyused,justlikeaseriesofGrapes.In Chineseverbsarewidelyused,justlikeaBamboo. II. Word 英语词汇有屈折变化，汉语没有；英语词义比较灵活多变，汉语词义相对稳定。 ● 动词： Itrainseverydayrecently. Itrainedyesterday. Itisgoingtorain. Itisraininghardoutside. rain 注解：动词在英文里有多种时态变化，而汉语没有。 Thewindowwasbroken. Thecupwasbroken. Thispotismadeofstainlesssteel. Measureshavebeentaken Enoughattentionhasbeenpaidtothatproblem. 注解：被动语态的表达与翻译。 Iwanttogooutforawalk. Beingateacher,heshouldlovehisstudents. Givenmoremoneyandtime,hewouldsucceed. 注解：英语有不定式、动名词、分词等多种非谓语动词形式，而汉语没有。因此可以在分清 主次的基础上用汉语的连动词和复合句来处理。