高考英语社会类阅读理解及简析

高考英语社会类阅读理解及简析 　Why do women earn less than men?Women earn less than men. For example, in 1988 the

高考英语社会类阅读理解及简析 Whydowomenearnlessthanmen?Womenearnlessthan men.Forexample,in1988thehourlywagesofwomeninthe U.S.were16%lessthanthoseofmen.Thegapbetweenmale andfemaleinesvarieswithage.Thegapbetweenthelabor inesofyoungwomenandyoungmenismuchsmallerthanthat betweenmiddle-agedwomenandmen.Itisalsoclearthat jobsinwhichwomenareconcentratedpayless.Thelarger thenumberofworkersinanindustrywhoarewomen,the lowertheaveragewages.Whydowomenearnlessthanmen? Arethedifferencesexplainedbythefactthatwomenare lookeddownupon?Ifso,thegovernmenthastointervene, toforcetheemployerstopayequalwagestoequaljobs. However,thereisnoagreementamongeconomistsaboutthe causesofthegap.Oneviewarguesthatwomenonthe averagehavechosenlow-payingjobsinwhichworkersenjoy thefreedomofenteringandleavingthelaborforce,which reducestheiryearsofexperiencerelativetomen.Other peoplesaythegapcanalsobeexplainedbythedifference ineducationalbackgroundwhichisshowninthedifference inthemarginalproductbetweenmenandwomen. Muchofthegap,however,hasnotbeenfullyexplained. Itmightbetheresultofsomebiasagainstwomen.Itis thispartthathasproducedcallsforgovernmentaction. Whatwouldhappenifthegovernmentdidinterveneto