关于古埃及文化的英文演讲[修改版]

第一篇：关于古埃及文化的英文演讲关于古埃及文化的英文演讲 Culture of Egypt The Culture of Egypt has five thousand years of record

第一篇：关于古埃及文化的英文演讲 关于古埃及文化的英文演讲 CultureofEgypt TheCultureofEgypthasfivethousandyearsofrecordedhistory.AncientEgyptwasamongthe earliestcivilizations.Formillennia,Egyptmaintainedastrikinglycomplexandstableculturethat influencedlaterculturesofEurope,theMiddleEastandAfrica.AfterthePharaonicera,Egyptitself cameundertheinfluenceofHellenism,foratimeChristianity,andlater,ArabandIslamicculture.Today, manyaspectsofEgypt'sancientcultureexistininteractionwithnewerelements,includingtheinfluence ofmodernWesternculture,itselfwithrootsinAncientEgypt. Language TheAncientEgyptianlanguage,whichformedaseparatebranchamongthefamilyofAfro-Asiatic languages,wasamongthefirstwrittenlanguages,andisknownfromhieroglyphicinscriptionspreserved onmonumentsandsheetsofpapyrus.TheCopticlanguage,theonlyextantdescendantofEgyptian,is todaytheliturgicallanguageoftheCopticOrthodoxChurch. The"Koiné"dialectoftheGreeklanguagewasimportantinHellenisticAlexandria,andwasusedin thephilosophyandscienceofthatculture,andwaslaterstudiedbyArabicscholars. ArabiccametoEgyptintheseventhcenturyandEgyptianArabichassincebecomethemodern speechofthecountry.OfthemanyvarietiesofArabic,itisthemostwidelyspokenseconddialect, probablyduetotheinfluenceofEgyptiancinemathroughouttheArabic-speakingworld. IntheUpperNileValley,aroundKomOmboandAswan,thereareabout300,000speakersof Nubianlanguages,mainlyNobiin,butalsoKenuzi-Dongola.TheBerberlanguagesarerepresentedby Siwi,spokenbyabout5,000aroundtheSiwaOasis.ThereareoveramillionspeakersoftheDomari language(anIndo-AryanlanguagerelatedtoRomany),mostlylivingnorthofCairo,andthereareabout 60,000GreekspeakersinAlexandria.Approximately77,000speakersofBedawi(aBejalanguage)live intheEasternDesert. Literature AncientEgyptianliteraturedatesbacktotheOldKingdom,inthethirdmillenniumBC.Religious literatureisbestknownforitshymnstovariousgodsanditsmortuarytexts.TheoldestextantEgyptian literaturearethePyramidTexts:themythologyandritualscarvedaroundthetombsofrulers.Thelater, secularliteratureofancientEgyptincludesthe'wisdomtexts',formsofphilosophicalinstruction.The InstructionofPtahhotep,forexample,isacollationofmoralproverbsbyanEgyptianadministrator.The authorsoftheliteratureoftheOldandMiddleKingdoms(throughtothemiddleofthesecondmillennium BC)seemtohavebeendrawnfromaneliteadministrativeclass,andwerecelebratedandreveredinto theNewKingdom(totheendofthesecondmillennium).Intime,thePyramidTextsbecameCoffinTexts