英语语言学试题B卷

英语语言学试题B卷Define the following linguistic terms: (2%×10=20%) 1) government: It is a type of control o

B 英语语言学试题卷 I. Definethefollowinglinguisticterms:(2%×10=20%) government: 1)Itisatypeofcontrolovertheformofsomewordsbyotherwordsincertainsyntactic constructions. exocentricconstruction(): 离心结构 2)Itisanconstructionwhosedistributionisnotfunctionallyequivalent toanyofitsconstituents. complementaryantonym(): 互补反义关系 3)Itisaformofantonymthattheassertionofonemeansthe denialoftheother,orviceversa. perlocutionaryforce(): 取效行为 4)Itisanactwhichisperformedbymeansofalocutionaryact. appliedlinguistics 5):Itisadisciplinethatlinksthetheoriesoflinguisticswiththepracticeofforeign languageteaching. allophone() 音位变体 6):Variantsofaphonemearecalleditsallophones. boundmorpheme() 粘着语素 7):Themorphemesthatdonotoccuralone. interlanguage() 中介语 8):Itisformedwhenthelearnerattemptstolearnanewlanguage,andithasfeatures ofboththefirstlanguageandthesecondlanguagebutisneither. arbitrariness(): 任意性 9)Theformsoflinguisticsignsbearnonaturalrelationshiptotheirmeaning. assimilation: 10)Aprocessbywhichonesoundtakesonsomeorallthecharacteristicsofaneighboring sound. II.Translation(0.5%×20=10%) TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese:(0.5%×10=5%) 1)lateral2)linguisticdeterminism 边音语言决定论 3)anthropologicallinguistics4)locutionaryact 人类语言学发话行为 5)transformation6)co-hyponym7)contextofsituation8)allomorph 转换同下义词情景语境 9)theme10)primarystress 语素变体主位主重音 TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish(0.5%×10=5%) : 11)textualfunction12)meaningpotential 语篇功能意义潜势 13)immediatecomponentanalysis 直接成分分析法 14)maximalonsetprinciple15)paradigmaticrelation 最大节首辅音原则聚合关系 16)phonologicalstructure17)prefix18)context 音位规则前缀语境 19)/pidgin20)historicallinguistics 皮钦语洋泾浜语历时语言学 III.Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.Decidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthe statementandputthecorrespondingletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(1%×20=20%) 1)Thestudyoflanguageatonepointoftimeisa_______study. A.synchronic() 共时 B.historic C.diachronic()D.descriptive 历时 2)Synonymsareclassifiedintoseveralkinds.Thekindtowhich“fall”and“autumn”belongiscalled_____ synonyms. B.dialectal A.stylisticC.emotiveD.collocational() 搭配 3)Thesentence“Johnlikesice-cream”contains________arguments(. ) 论元 B.two A.oneC.noneD.three 4)Semanticscanbedefinedasthestudyof________. B.meaning A.namingC.communicationD.context 5)Oncethenotionof________wastakenintoconsideration,semanticsspilledintopragmatics. B.context A.meaningC.formD.content 6)Ofthethreespeechacts,linguistsaremostinterestedinthe_______.