飞机起落架设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

Aircraft Landing Gear LayoutsMost aircraft today have three landing gear. Two main landing gear stru

AircraftLandingGearLayouts Mostaircrafttodayhavethreelandinggear.Twomainlandinggearstrutslocatednear themiddleoftheaircraftusuallysupportabout90%oftheplane''sweightwhilea smallernosestrutsupportstherest.Thislayoutismostoftenreferredtoasthe"tricycle" landinggeararrangement.However,therearenumerousotherdesignsthathavealsobeen usedovertheyears,andeachhasitsownadvantagesanddisadvantages.Let''stakea closerlookatthevariousundercarriageoptionsavailabletoengineers. TailwheelorTaildraggerGear Thoughthetricyclearrangementmaybemostpopulartoday,thatwasnotalwaysthe case.Thetailwheelundercarriagedominatedaircraftdesignforthefirstfourdecadesof flightandisstillwidelyusedonmanysmallpiston-engineplanes.Thetaildragger arrangementconsistsoftwomaingearunitslocatednearthecenterofgravity(CG)that supportthemajorityoftheplane''sweight.Amuchsmallersupportisalsolocatedatthe rearofthefuselagesuchthattheplaneappearstodragitstail,hencethename.Thistail unitisusuallyaverysmallwheelbutcouldevenbeaskidonaverysimpledesign. Whatmakesthisformoflandinggearmostattractiveisitssimplicity.Thegearare usuallyrelativelylightweight,andthetwomaingearcanalsobeeasilyencasedin streamlinedfairingstoproducelowdraginflight.Anotherpotentialadvantageresults fromthefactthattheplaneisalreadytiltedtoalargeangleofattackasitrollsdown therunway.Thisattitudehelpstogenerategreaterliftandreducethedistanceneededfor