英语常见的修辞格

英语常见的修辞格Figures of speech (修辞)are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in ot

英语常见的修辞格 Figuresofspeech()arewaysofmakingourlanguagefigurative.Whenweuse 修辞 wordsinotherthantheirordinaryorliteralsensetolendforcetoanidea,toheighten effect,ortocreatesuggestiveimagery,wearesaidtobespeakingorwriting figuratively.Nowwearegoingtotalkaboutsomecommonformsoffiguresof speech. 1)Simile( ：明喻） Itisafigureofspeechwhichmakesacomparisonbetweentwo unlikeelementshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristic()incommon.To 特性 makethecomparison,wordslikeas,as...as,asifandlikeareusedtotransferthe qualityweassociatewithonetotheother.Forexample,Ascoldwaterstoathirsty soul,soisgoodnewsfromafarcountry. 2)Metaphor( ：暗喻） Itislikeasimile,alsomakesacomparisonbetweentwounlike elements,butunlikeasimile,thiscomparisonisimpliedratherthanstated.For example,theworldisastage. 3)Analogy:( 类比） Itisalsoaformofcomparison,butunlikesimileormetaphor whichusuallyusescomparisonononepointofresemblance,analogydrawsaparallel betweentwounlikethingsthathaveseveralcommonqualitiesorpointsof resemblance. 4)Personification:( 拟人） Itgiveshumanformoffeelingstoanimals,orlifeand personalattributes()toinanimate()objects,ortoideasand 赋予无生命的 abstractions().Forexample,thewindwhistledthroughthetrees. 抽象 5)Hyperbole:( 夸张） Itisthedeliberateuseofoverstatementorexaggerationto achieveemphasis.Forinstance,healmostdiedlaughing. 6)Understatement:( 含蓄陈述） Itistheoppositeofhyperbole,oroverstatement.It achievesitseffectofemphasizingafactbydeliberately()understatingit, 故意地 impressingthelistenerorthereadermorebywhatismerelyimpliedorleftunsaid thanbybarestatement.Forinstance,Itisnolaughingmatter. 7)Euphemism:( 委婉） Itisthesubstitutionofanagreeableorinoffensive() 无冒犯 expressionforonethatmayoffendorsuggestsomethingunpleasant.Forinstance,we referto"die"as"passaway". 8)Metonymy( 转喻） Itisafigureofspeechthathastodowiththesubstitutionof themaneofonethingforthatofanother.Forinstance,thepen(words)ismightier thanthesword(forces). 9)Synecdoche( 提喻） Itisinvolvesthesubstitutionofthepartforthewhole,orthe