鄂尔多斯盆地致密油资源潜力

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鄂尔多斯盆地致密油、页岩油特征及资源潜力 0.3~1mD 摘要：长庆油田对渗透率为的超低渗透油藏已实现了规模有效开发。考虑到鄂尔多斯盆地石油勘探开发实际，将储集 0.3mD 层地面空气渗透率小于，赋存于油页岩及其互层共生的致密砂岩储层中，石油未经过大规模长距离运移的油藏称为致密 2—77 油，包括致密砂岩油藏和页岩油藏大类。延长组致密油主要发育于半深湖深湖相区，以延长组段（简称长）油层组油页 66 岩、致密砂岩和湖盆中部的延长组段（简称长）油层组致密砂岩最为典型。致密油具有分布范围广，烃源岩条件优越，砂岩 储层致密，孔喉结构复杂，物性差，含油饱和度高，原油性质好，油藏压力系数低的特点。纳米级孔喉系统广泛发育是致密油 储集体连续油气聚集的根本特征，延长组致密砂岩储层中大多连通的孔喉直径大于临界孔喉直径，满足油气在致密储层中运移 3①②-③ 的条件。根据致密油层与生油岩层的接触关系，确定了种致密油储集层类型：致密块状砂岩储层；砂岩泥岩互层型储层； 8 673010t7 油页岩型致密储层。鄂尔多斯盆地长和长油层组致密油分布广泛，初步预测致密油总资源量约×，其中长油层组 888 1010t7910t61110t 页岩油资源量超过×，长油层组致密砂岩油资源量约×，长油层组致密砂岩油资源量约×。致密油资 4 500010t 源是长庆油田实现年产油气当量×并长期稳产较为现实的石油接替资源。 关键词：致密砂岩油；致密页岩油；致密油；致密油储层；资源潜力；延长组；鄂尔多斯盆地 TE122.14A 中图分类号：文献标识码： Characteristicsandresourceprospectsoftightoilandshaleoilin OrdosBasin 1,22,32,3 YangHuaLiShixiangLiuXianyang (1.PetroChinaChangqingOilfieldCompany,Xi’an710018,China;2.NationalEngineeringLaboratoryforExplorationand DevelopmentofLow-PermeabilityOil&GasFields,Xi’an710018,China;3.ResearchInstituteofExplorationand Development,PetroChinaChangqingOilfieldCompany,Xi’an710018,China) Abstract:Changqingoilfieldcompanyhasbeenrealizedefficientandscaledevelopmentofthesuperlowpermeabilityreservoir whichpermeabilityissituatedbetween0.3mDand1mD.Consideringthepetroleumexplorationanddevelopmentpracticeof OrdosBasin,thetightoilreferstoairpermeabilityofreservoirlessthan0.3mD,andanoilthataccumulatesinoilshaleand tightsandstonesinterbeddedwithoradjacenttosourcerocks.Generally,thisoilaccumulationhasnotyetexperienceda large-scale,long-distancemigration.Thetightoilincludetightsandstoneoilreservoirandtightshaleoilreservoir.Thetight oilofYanchangFormationismainlydevelopedinthehalfdeeplacustrinetodeeplacustrinezone,forthetypicaltooilshale andtightsandstoneofChang7interval,tightsandstoneofthecentrallakeofChang6interval.Tightoilhascharacteristics ofwidedistribution,hydrocarbonsourcerockconditionissuperior,sandstonereservoirdensity,porethroatstructurecomplexity, poorphysicalproperties,highoilsaturation,betteroilpropertyandlowpressurecoefficient.Nano-sizedpore-throatsystem widelydevelopmentisthefundamentalcharacteristicsofoilandgascontinuousaccumulationoftightoil.Mostofthe connectedpore-throatdiameteroftightsandstonereservoirofYanchangFormationisgreaterthanthecriticalpore-throat diameter,oilandgascanbemigrationintightreservoir.Tightoilcanbedividedinto3differenttypesdependingonthe geneticrelationshipofaclosecontactbetweentightreservoirandsourcerocks,i.e.○1Compactmassivesandstonereservoir; ○2Sandshaleinterbeddedreservoirs;○3Tightreservoirinoilshale.TightoiliswidelydistributedinChang6intervaland Chang7intervalofYanchangFormationinOrdosBasin,wepreliminaryforecastthatthetightoilgeologicalresourcesin OrdosBasinareabout30×108t.Fortheresources,inwhich,oilshaleresourcesofChang7intervalareexceeds10×108t, tightsandstoneresourcesofChang7intervalareabout9×108t,tightsandstoneresourcesofChang6intervalareabout 11×108t.TightoilresourcesarethemorerealisticoilreplacesresourcesthatcanensureChangqingoilfieldcompanyto achieveanannualoutputof5000×108tonsofoilequivalentandlongtermstability. Keywords:tightsandstoneoilreservoir;tightshaleoilreservoir;tightoil;tightoilreservoir;resourceprospect;Yanchang Formation;OrdosBasin 致密油是继页岩气之后全球非常规油气勘探开 鄂尔多斯盆地致密油资源丰富，具有很大的勘探 [1-4] 发的又一新热点，这种非常规油气资源已成为全 开发潜力。多年来，长庆油田通过攻克低渗透及超低 8 球能源结构中的重要角色，在美国、加拿大、澳大利 10(1~3)×10t 渗透难题，已连续年每年新增探明储量， [2,5-7] 8 亚等国家都得到了商业性的开发，虽然中国非常 201127.18×10t 截止年底已累计提交探明储量，其中 8 规油气资源丰富，但总体上看，勘探开发还处于起步 1mD13.42×10t 渗透率小于的探明储量为，占总探明 [8-9] 和探索阶段。 49.37%0.3 储量的。长庆油田成功实现了对渗透率在～