层状晴空回波在临近预报中应用综述(英文)

层状晴空回波在临近预报中应用综述(英文)A Review on the Application of Layered Clear Air Echoes in Short-Term Weather Fo

() 层状晴空回波在临近预报中应用综述英文 AReviewontheApplicationofLayeredClearAirEchoesin Short-TermWeatherForecasting Introduction Clear-airechoesarethereflectionofelectromagneticwaves fromsignalstransmittedbyweatherradars.Theyareusedto detectandtrackprecipitationandotheratmosphericphenomena. However,inclearairconditions,adifferenttypeofechocanbe observed,knownaslayeredclear-airechoes(LCAEs).LCAEsare verticalstructuresintheatmospherethataredistinctfromthe surroundingclearairandcanpersistforseveralhours.Thispaper presentsareviewoftheresearchontheapplicationofLCAEsin short-termweatherforecasting. LCAECharacteristics LCAEsaretypicallyobservedbetween1and6kilometers abovegroundlevel,withathicknessrangingfromafewhundred meterstoseveralkilometers.Theyaretypicallyhorizontally orientedandcanextendforhundredsofkilometers.LCAEsare causedbyatmosphericprocessessuchasthepresenceof temperatureinversions,windshear,andgravitywaves.Theyare classifiedintothreemaintypes:thin,thick,andembedded.Thin LCAEsaredefinedasstructureswithverticalthicknessesofless than500meters,thickLCAEsarestructureswithvertical thicknessesgreaterthan500meters,andembeddedLCAEsare structuresthatarelocatedwithinastratocumuluscloudlayer. LCAEApplications LCAEshaveseveralpotentialapplicationsinshort-term weatherforecasting.Oneofthemostsignificantisasapredictor ofboundary-layerturbulence.Turbulenceisasignificanthazard foraviation,andtheaccuratepredictionofturbulencecanhelp improvebothpilotsafetyandflightefficiency.LCAEshavebeen showntobegoodpredictorsofturbulence,particularlyinthe presenceoffrontalzonesorcomplexterrain. AnotherapplicationofLCAEsisasindicatorsofairpollution events.LCAEscantrapandconcentratepollutantsinthelower atmosphere,leadingtohighconcentrationsofpollutantsnearthe surface.BydetectingLCAEs,weatherforecasterscanpredictthe