自考英语词汇学复习大纲自己整理

Chapter 1 Basic Concepts 基本概念the definition of a word （he definition of a word comprises the follow

Chapter1BasicConcepts 基本概念 1.1 thedefinitionofaword hedefinitionofawordcomprisesthefollowingpoints:(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage;(2)asoundunity;(3)aunitofmeaning;(4)aformthatcanfunction （ aloneinasentence.Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction. ） 1.2 soundandmeaning symbolicconnectionisalmostalwaysarbitraryandconventional.Adogiscalledadognotbecausethesoundandthethreelettersthatmakeupthe ： wordjustautomaticallysuggesttheanimalinquestion. 1.3 soundandform ： 1.4 vocabulary 1.5 classificationofwords 词汇分类 basicwordstocknonbasicvocabulary 基本词汇非基本词汇 byusefrequencybasicwordstockandnonbasicvocabularybynotioncontentwordsandfunctionalwordsbyoriginnativewordsandborrowedwords 按使用频率分：基本词汇和非基本词汇按概念分：实义词和功能词按起源分：本地词和外来词 allnationalcharacterstabilityproductivitypysemycollocability ol 全民性稳定性多产性一词多义搭配性 terminologyjargonslangargondialectalwordsarchaismneologism 术语行话俚语黑话方言词古语词新词 neutralinstylefrequentinuse 文体上中性使用频繁 nativewordsborrowedwords 本地词外来词 denizensalienstranslation-loanssemantic-loans 同化词异形词译借词借义词 Noenoughletters:alphabetfromlatinPronunciationchangedmorerapidlyEarlyscribes:changespellingforeasierrecognitionBorrowing:differentrulesofpronunciationandspelling obviouscharacteristics 明显的特点 1. 2. 3. 4.