英语词汇学知识点归纳总结

English Lexicology(英语词汇学)Lexicology（词汇学）: is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and

EnglishLexicology(英语词汇学) Lexicology（词汇学） :isabranchoflinguistics,inquiringintotheoriginsand meaningsofwords. TheNatureandScopeofEnglishlexicology ： Englishlexicologyaimsatinvestigatingandstudyingthemorphological structuresofEnglishwordsandwordequivalents,theirsemanticstructures, relations,historicaldevelopment,formationandusages. ThesubjectsthatEnglishLexicologycorrelatedwithandextentto ： EnglishLexicologyiscorrelatedwithsuchlinguisticdisciplinesas morphology(形态学),semantics(语义学),etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）and lexicography(词典学) ThereasonforastudenttostudyEnglishlexicology ： Accordingtothetextbook,EnglishLexicologywilldefinitelybebeneficialfor studentsofEnglish. AgoodknowledgeofmorphologicalstructuresofEnglishwordsandrulesof word-formationwillhelplearnersdeveloptheirpersonalvocabularyand consciouslyincreasetheirwordpower.Theinformationofthehistorical developmentandtheprinciplesofclassificationwillgivethemadeeper understandingofword-meaningandenablethemtoorganize,classifyand storewordsmoreeffectively.Theunderstandingandtheirsenserelationswill graduallyraisetheirawarenessofmeaningandusage,andenablethemuse wordsmoreaccuratelyandappropriately.Aworkingknowledgeof dictionarieswillimprovetheirskillsofusingreferencebooksandraisetheir problem-solvingabilityandefficiencyofindividualstudy. Chapter1--Basicconceptsofwordsandvocabulary Word（词的定义）: Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasa givensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction.(1)aminimalfreeformofa language(2)asoundunity(3)aunitofmeaning(4)aformthatcanfunction aloneinasentence Soundandmeaning（声音与意义） :almostarbitrary,“nologicalrelationship betweenthesoundwhichstandsforathingoranideaandtheactualthing andideaitself” Soundandform（读音和形式） :不统一的四个原因（1）theEnglishalphabet wasadoptedfromtheRomans,whichdoesnothaveaseparateletter