英文文献的引用方法与格式

英文文献的引用方法与格式-- APA格式所谓APA格式是指美国心理学会 (American Psychological Association) 所出版的出版手册 (Publication Manua

英文文献的引用方法与格式 -- APA格式 (American Psychological Association) 所谓APA格式是指美国心理学会所出 (Publication Manual) 版的出版手册中,有关投稿该协会旗下所属二十九种期刊 APAAPA 时必须遵守的规定而言。 学术界通称为格式。引证格式由两部分组成: 必须注意的是,参考文献部份与文献 论文中的文献引用与论文后面的参考文献。 引用部份息息相关,引用过的文献必须出现在参考文献中,而且参考文献中的每 一项文献都被引用过,两者的作者姓氏以及发表年代也必须完全一致。 Citation in Text 一、文献引用() 文献引用的目的,一方面是帮助读者进一步直接查阅有关文献的内容,另一方 面是尊重与保障他人的知识产权。文献引用的方式主要有两种,一种是在行文当 Widdowson (1978) has claimed that native speakers 中直接引用作者姓氏,如: can better understand ungrammatical utterances with accurate vocabulary than those with accurate grammar and inaccurate vocabulary. 另一种是直接引用研究 Communicative methods have the common goals of bringing 的结果或论点,如: language learners into closer contact with the target language (Stern, 1981). APA 文献引用的格式主要有下列几种,分述如下: (一)作者为一个人时 Stahl (1983) has demonstrated that an improvement in reading comprehension can be 例1: attributed to an increase in vocabulary knowledge. [注:若行文中提到作者姓氏,用此例所 示格式引用] During the period of Grammar Translation methodology, bilingual dictionaries became 例2: common as reference tools (Kelly, 1969). [注:行文中未提到作者姓氏,用此例所示格式引 用;句子本身的标点符号位于括号的后面。] …, the ability to use etymology was respected as “one way of discovering truth” 例3: (Kelly, 1969, p. 30). [注:若行文中有直接引语,须标明引语在原文中的页码。如果直接 “(Kelly, 1969, pp. 30-31)” 引语跨越两页(或以上),需用“pp.”;如] 如果直接引语超过40个词,所引用的材料须单列一段,左右两边内缩三到五个字符,不用双 引号;用来标注引证的圆括号位于引证材料本身的标点符号后面。 It follows, then, that vocabulary, as abearer of meaning, is considered by the Natural 例4: Approach to be very important to the language acquisition process: Acquisition depends crucially on the input being comprehensible. And comprehensibility is dependent directly on the ability to recognize the meaning of key elements in the utterance. Thus, acquisition will not take place without comprehension of vocabulary. (Krashen &Terrell, 1983, p.155) [注:此例的前 两行是论文作者的叙述,其余是直接引语。因超过40个词,用此格式。] (二)作者为两人或两人以上时

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