2021-2022学年福建省宁德市考研外语真题含答案

2021-2022学年福建省宁德市考研外语真题(含答案)学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、2.Reading Comprehensio

2021-2022学年福建省宁德市考研外语真题 (含答案) :________:________:________:________ 学校班级姓名考号 2.ReadingComprehension(10) 一、题 1. TeabecameapopulardrinkinBritain______. A.ineighteenthcentury B.insixteenthcentury C.inseventeenthcentury D.inthelateseventeenthcentury 2.PartA Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweach textbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points) Aclassicseriesofexperimentstodeterminetheeffectsofoverpopulationon communitiesofratswasconductedbyapsychologist,JohnCalhoun.In eachexperiment,anequalnumberofmaleandfemaleadultratswereplaced inanenclosure.Theratpopulationswereallowedtoincrease.Calhoun knewfromexperienceapproximatelyhowmanyratscouldliveinthe enclosureswithoutexperiencingstressduetoovercrowding.Heallowedthe populationtoincreasetoapproximatelytwicethisnumber.Thenhe stabilizedthepopulationbyremovingoffspringthatwerenotdependenton theirmothers.Attheendoftheexperiments,Calhounwasabletoconclude thatovercrowdingcausesabreakdowninthenormalsocialrelationships amongrats,akindofsocialdisease.Theratsintheexperimentsdidnot followthesamepatternsofbehavior.asratswouldinacommunitywithout overcrowding. Thefemalesintheratpopulationwerethemostseriouslyaffectedbythe highpopulationdensity.Forexample,motherssometimesabandonedtheir pups,and,withouttheirmothers'care,thepupsdied.Theexperiments verifiedthatinoverpopulatedcommunities,motherratsdonot-behave normally.Theirbehavior.maybeconsidereddiseased,pathological.The dominantmalesintheratpopulationweretheleastaffectedby overpopulation.Eachofthesestrongmalesclaimedanareaoftheenclosure ashisown.Therefore,theseindividualsdidnotexperiencethe overcrowdinginthesamewayastheotherratsdid.However,dominant malesdidbehavepathologicallyattimes.Theirantisocialbehavior.