Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere公共领域的结构转型

Jurgen Haber__sStructural Transfor__tion of the Public Sphere HYPERLINK "http://___.sparknotes.com/p

Jurgen Haber__s Structural Transfor__tion of the Public Sphere http://___.sparknotes.com/philosophy/public/ Historical, Philosophical and Biographical Contexts Biographical context Jurgen Haber__s was born in 1929 in Germany. He stu___d at the universities of Gottingen, Zurich Habilitationsschrift, and Bonn, and wrote adoctoral thesis on the philosophy of Schelling. His or The Structural post-doctoral thesis, presented at the University of Marburg, formed the basis of Transfor__tion of the Public Sphere. It was initially rejected by the University of Frankfurt, after Structural Transfor__tion critici__ by the social theorists __x Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno. was published in Ger__n in 1962. Haber__s worked as Adorno's research assistant at the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt (home of the the famous "Frankfurt School"). He has been aprofessor at the universities of Heidelburg and Frankfurt, and was director of the __x Planck institute in Starnberg until 1981. His Theory and Practi__Knowledge and Hu__n Interests __jor works include (1963), (1968), and the Theory of Communicative action (1981). Historical and philosophical context Several important influen__s on Haber__s's work are evident. Firstly, he borrows __ny important terms and categories from Kant, Hegel and __rx. __ny of his ways of thinking about the public sphere are explicitly Kantian, and he develops Hegel's __ntral category of civil society into the basis from which public opinion emerges. Of these, Kant is perhaps the greatest influen__, simply because for Haber__s his work represents the "fully developed" theory of the public sphere The __rxist cultural theory of the Frankfurt School is also an important influen__, particularly on Structural Transfor__tion. the second part of the The Frankfurt School was agroup of philosophers linked to the Institute of Social Research in Frankfurt, active from the 1920s on. Two of its most famous names were __x Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno. The Frankfurt School adapted __rx's theories greatly, in order to study modern culture and society. They took the unorthodox view that the experien__ of totalitariani__ in the Second World War showed that the lower classes, or proletariat, had become corrupted by __ss culture. They could no longer act as arevolutionary for__. Their pessimi__ about what social for__ might repla__ the proletariat increased as the twentieth __ntury progressed. Adorno is well known for his critique of the modern "culture industry", which __nipulated the public, creating consumers of the __ss media, rather than critical readers. Haber__s draws on this s__age critici__ of modern society and culture in his treatment of advertising and the press. Amore personal influen__ was the Ger__n legal scholar Wolfgang Abendroth, who supervised Haber__s's original thesis at Marburg, after it was rejected by Horkheimer and Adorno in Frankfurt. Abendroth's work ____yzed the relationship between the social-welfare principle and the inherited structure of the Ger__n constitutional state. He argued that the Federal Ger__n constitution aimed to extend the ideas of equality and welfare, and that asocialist democratic state could emerge from its constitutional prede__ssor. Haber__s moved away from this con__pt of the development of states, Structural Transfor__tion. but acknowledges his debt to Abendroth in the dedidcation to the 1